Social Effects of the Vietnam War - 2247 Words

The Vietnam 1 Running head: SOCIAL EFFECTS OF THE VIETNAM WAR The Vietnam Wars Effects on American Society Halley E. Moore Metro High School- St. Louis The Vietnam 2 Abstract The Vietnam War had a profound effect on American society. It changed the way we viewed our government, the media, and our Constitutional rights. Because of this shift in perspective, the country was torn apart and yet still came together in new and different ways. The Vietnam Wars contraversiality spurred a great many sources of protest, against our governments use of power, how far we could stretch the rights of free expression, and primarily against the violence of the war itself. These changes in the behavior of society have†¦show more content†¦Although several hundred colleges experienced teach-ins, most campuses were untouched by this circumstance. Nevertheless, the teach-ins had the desired impact when they contributed to President Johnsons decision to address at Johns Hopkins University on April 7, 1965 concerning the Vietnam issue (Gaullucci, 47). The address tried to respond to the teach-ins campus protest activity. This speech was one of the first major examples of the antiwar movement getting to the government. By the mid- 1960s, even President Johnsons advisors were realizing that the tide of public opinion had begun to turn against Johnson on the Vietnam issue (Katsiaficas, 8). The Vietnam 6 The use and impact of teach-ins faded when the college students went home during the summer of 1965, but other types of protest that grew through 1971 soon replaced it (Gettleman, 56). The first major antiwar march on Washington D.C. took place in April of 1965. It was organized by the Students for a Democratic Society, and attracted over twenty-five thousand people (McCormick, 37). College students made up a majority of the protestors in almost any gathering. However the antiwar movementShow MoreRelatedThe Vietnam War: The Mental, Social, and Physical Effects on the Soldiers1402 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1961 the worst war ever fought by America had just started. The Vietnamese of the north also known as the Viet Cong had invaded the south to take control of the entire country. America and other democratic countries felt the spread of communism to this country would be a stepping-stone for other communistic countries around the world, also known as the Domino Effect. America, as cocky as they were, invaded Vietnam to help the southern Vietnamese. Although America is one of the most powerful countriesRead MoreThe Vietnam War On American Society932 Words   |  4 Pagessuccess and power that Vietnam held. America was calm at first as they held the belief that Vietnam would serve as a barrier to communism. Unfortunately, when communism kept spreading, America pan icked. American troops were sent into Vietnam and the citizens of America were lied to about the reason for the presence of the troops in Vietnam. The years 1964 to 1975 were characterized by the negative effects of the Vietnam war on American society and how they heightened social, political and economicRead MoreSocial Commentary On Hollywood War Films1282 Words   |  6 PagesHorine HIST2033-001 10 November 2015 Social Commentary in Hollywood War Films Hollywood film is a powerful twentieth century art form that has provided entertainment and social commentary since its creation. Film can be used to portray history on the silver screen. Directors can use their films to portray social commentary about current issues. A popular social issue throughout history is war. Directors can use their war films to promote pro-war or anti-war movements. Films have the ability to influenceRead MoreConsequences of the Vietnam War Essay1157 Words   |  5 Pagesof the Vietnam War The ear in Vietnam had ended and on the 30th April 1975, the NLF took control of Saigon and renamed it Ho Chi Minh City. President Thieu resigned and fled the country. Vietnam became a united country and elections were held in 1976 (20 years late). The Domino theory continued into Laos and Cambodia but not Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines. Apart from this short term effect, there many short and long term effects on Vietnam once theRead MoreLosing Vietnam On The Home Front1672 Words   |  7 Pages Losing Vietnam on the Home-front Forty six years have passed since the United States officially stopped their involvement in Vietnam. Not since the Civil war had the country been so torn. Every American family was impacted, losing husbands, sons, and daughters. Over fifty thousand Americans were killed and many more still suffer deep physical and emotional scars . Veterans took their own lives, were treated as social outcasts, or ended up on the streets with the homeless. The Vietnam conflictRead MoreThe Vietnam War Was A Conflict951 Words   |  4 Pages The Vietnam War was a conflict between the communist army of North Vietnam and the Viet Cong against South Vietnam began in 1954. The United States began their involvement in the Vietnam War by supporting the democratic South Vietnam with weapons and soldiers. Many Americans were divided due to opposition of the US involvement with the war. It was the era of social movements like mexican american social activism, and anti-Vietnam War activism. I have interviewed a Vietnam veteran named ErnieRead MoreHow Public Opinion Changed the Course of the Vietnam War950 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War certainly left a distaste in the lives of many who have been affected by the war; scholars have become increasingly interested in the interaction between war and public opinion. There have been many scholarly works published on the Vietnam War, but the issue that will be analyzed here is how public opinion changed the course of the war. The first article by Scott Gartner and Gary Segura i s titled, â€Å"Race, Casualties, and Opinion in the Vietnam War,† it examined how the diverse racesRead MorePsychological And Emotional Effects Of War On Soldiers1500 Words   |  6 PagesEmotional Effects of War on Soldiers We have all seen or read about the political and social upheavals caused by war. Some may have even experienced it first-hand. Throughout history war has had negative psychological implications on those effected. However, there is no greater negative impact of war than the psychological and emotional turmoil that it causes individual soldiers. To narrow down the scope of these psychological effects, I have chosen to focus on the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War wasRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1532 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War came at a time of great social and political unrest in America. It was right in the middle of the Cold War, a fierce worldwide battle between Eastern communism and Western democracy. There was already division going on in America at the time, with events like the red scare in Washington creating a growing fear of worldwide communism. The U.S. involvement in Vietnam began with Harry Truman aiding the French in an imperial war from 1946-1954, which the French eventually lost to theRead MoreVietnam War Impact on New Zealand870 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War had several social effects in New Zealand. The New Zealand publics’ opinion was polarized due to New Zealand’s involvement in the war, and public debate was generated over New Zealand’s foreign policy in particu lar how it relied on an alliance-based security. An anti-war movement developed in New Zealand, who disagreed with the strategy of forward defense. They also questioned the validity of the domino theory, and thought communism in south-East Asia did not in any way threaten New

Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 1496 Words

Moliann Gross Research Paper February 15, 2017 Issues in Society: Recreational Marijuana in The United States Marijuana is one of the most commonly used drugs in the United states, after alcohol and tobacco. It is currently considered a federally prohibited substance, but this has not halted the legalization of recreational marijuana on a statewide level. While marijuana is slowly becoming more recognized for it s medicinal purposes it is also becoming more integrated into regular society and being used for leisure purposes. It is interesting to see the causes and effects of these changes on a state level and to observe the comparison of state and federal laws. It is also important to regard how legislature is reacting to these new†¦show more content†¦The marijuana industry is one of the fastest paced industries in our current economy. It is creating quite the revenue in places that it is legal. â€Å"Recreational sales in Colorado s first year (Jan. 1-Dec. 31, 2014) totaled $313 million.†2 Scholars believe that if cannabis is decr iminalized on a federal level sales would reach $35 billion by 2020.2 At this time there are 23 States and the District of Columbia that endorse medical marijuana and eight states that are both medical and recreational.2 It must be noted that marijuana is decriminalized on a state level in these places, but is still federally prohibited. Marijuana is considered a schedule I drug, these are the drugs considered to be of the utmost threat. This creates a major problem for the dispensaries in the legalized states as they cannot use banks for their business practices.2 This makes it so that all of these shops are fully cash industries. This practice is â€Å"not safe, and they create accounting issues. And, from the regulatory perspective, if you want to be able to keep track of what s happening with these businesses, then you don t want them operating entirely in cash. [The government doesn t] force any other industry to do that.†2 This leaves these industries almost unregulated as one cannot fully see every transaction or even the total revenue of these businesses. The government will need to decide the way that it would like to interact with these businessesShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?849 Words   |  4 Pageswhether marijuana should be legalized. Around 23 states have legalized marijuana for medical and recreational use. In the state of Illinois, medicinal use of marijuana has been passed on April 17, 2013. Since January 2014, patients are able to obtain marijuana with a doctor s recommendation. The new debate is whether marijuana should be legalized for the general public as a recreational drug. Although some believe that marijuana is harmless, and that it has beneficial medicinal uses, marijuana shouldRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1715 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana in Society Cannabis, formally known as marijuana is a drug obtained from the tops, stems and leaves of the hemp plant cannabis. The drug is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world. Only substances like caffeine, nicotine and alcohol are used more (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). In the U. S. where some use it to feel â€Å"high† or get an escape from reality. The drug is referred to in many ways; weed, grass, pot, and or reefer are some common names used to describe the drug (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). Like mostRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1489 Words   |  6 Pagescannabis plant or marijuana is intended for use of a psychoactive drug or medicine. It is used for recreational or medical uses. In some religions, marijuana is predominantly used for spiritual purposes. Cannabis is indigenous to central and south Asia. Cannabis has been scientifically proven that you can not die from smoking marijuana. Marijuana should be legalized to help people with medical benefits, econo mic benefits, and criminal benefits. In eight states, marijuana was legalized for recreationalRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1245 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana is a highly debatable topic that is rapidly gaining attention in society today.   Legalizing marijuana can benefit the economy of this nation through the creation of jobs, increased tax revenue, and a decrease in taxpayer money spent on law enforcement.   Ã‚  Many people would outlaw alcohol, cigarettes, fast food, gambling, and tanning beds because of the harmful effects they have on members of a society, but this is the United States of America; the land of the free and we should give peopleRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1010 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of marijuana became a heated political subject in the last few years. Twenty-one states in America have legalized medical marijuana. Colorado and Washington are the only states where marijuana can be purchased recreationally. Marijuana is the high THC level part of the cannabis plant, which gives users the â€Å"high† feeling. There is ample evidence that supports the argument that marijuana is beneficial. The government should legalize marijuana recreationally for three main reasonsRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1231 Words   |  5 Pagesshows the positive benefits of marijuana, it remains illegal under federal law. In recent years, numerous states have defied federal law and legalized marijuana for both recreational and medicinal use. Arizona has legalized marijuana for medical use, but it still remains illegal to use recreationally. This is absurd, as the evidence gathered over the last few decades strongly supports the notion that it is safer than alcohol, a widely available substance. Marijuana being listed as a Schedule I drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1350 Words   |  6 Pagespolitics in the past decade would have to be the legalization of marijuana. The sale and production of marijuana have been legalized for medicinal uses in over twenty states and has been legalized for recreational uses in seven states. Despite the ongoing support for marijuana, it has yet to be fully legalized in the federal level due to cultural bias against â€Å"pot† smoking and the focus over its negative effects. However, legalizing marijuana has been proven to decrease the rate of incrimination in AmericaRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1145 Words   |  5 PagesLegalizing Marijuana Marijuana is a drug that has been actively used for centuries. This drug can be traced back to 2737 BC by the Chinese emperor Shen Nung. He spoke about the euphoric effects of Cannabis and even referred to it as the â€Å"Liberator of Sin.† Since early on, marijuana was seen as a medicinal plant that was recommended for medical uses. Marijuana is currently in schedule I, which means that physicians are not allowed to prescribe it in the United States (Hart, Ksir 2013). This drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?997 Words   |  4 PagesLegalize It: The Benefits of Legalizing Marijuana Should marijuana be legalized? Many Americans have been asked this question or have heard some type of news about the issue. Marijuana is commonly known as cannabis which refers to the dried up hemp plant cannabis sativa, even though marijuana is a plant and has no chemical additives it has been a tropic of controversy for many years but nowadays it is in the spotlight more than ever. For centuries, marijuana has been used by people throughout theRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesSHOULD MARIJUANA BE LEGALIZED? Marijuana is a drug that has sparked much controversy over the past decade as to whether or not it should be legalized. People once thought of marijuana as a bad, mind-altering drug which changes a person’s personality which can lead to crime and violence through selling and buying it. In the past, the majority of citizens believed that marijuana is a harmful drug that should be kept off the market and out of the hands of the public. However, a recent study conducted

Arts and pornography Essay Example For Students

Arts and pornography Essay Owen does art become realistic? , or When does art become abstract? , or When does art become literary? , although questions like these make as much sense because art can be all or any of these things. This is because we can usually distinguish an abstract work from a realistic or literary one, whereas What pornography is, is unclear in the minds Of most people. Pornography derives from two Greek words: prone, which means harlot, and graphs, Which refers to writing; however, we use the term today to describe much more than stories about prostitutes. And when we use it, it is as more Han the definition Of a class Of writing and visual art: it has an ethical (usually pejorative) connotation also. And, like most ethical and aesthetic terms, its use is intensely personal. Just as beautiful really means no more than l like it (although cannot clearly explain why). Pornographic means l find this offensive (although cannot really explain why). There is no generally agreed meaning for either of these terms which bedevils our discussion of both, Art exists in many different forms. Sculpture, paintings, graphics, drawings and such are part of the visual art, Dance, film, music and theater, as well as literature, are also forms of art. Throughout the years, art has, in all of its torts, interpreted, presented, or made allusion to nudity. Many famous masterpieces or important art represent nude people, and sometimes even persons making love:yet, it is recognized as beautiful art by many people. What difference is there, if any, in the interpretation and importance that we humans give to nude art and pornography? So it leads to my first knowledge issue: When does art become pornography? Here is a real life example. As we all know, our school invites some nude models for art class, they expose their nude bodies to the art students. M not sure if it is the reason why many guys take art. Do you think it is art, nasty art, performance art or pornography? Art, nudity and pornography are different, and every individuals sense perception of what these are will also be different. The area Of knowledge Of art is one Of the most subjective Of all the areas Of knowledge, which explains why persons interpret it differently. Nudity may or may not be included in the OAK of Art, but it is a part of many art pieces. Nudity is present in many forms, for example, the famous sculpture of David by Michelangelo Bonaparte. This 5. 7 meter tall statue represents the biblical King David, nude, and it is recognized by many as a masterpiece, and some even consider it a symbol of the defense of civil rights. Vitiation Man, by Leonardo Dad Vinci, is the drawing off nude man, legs and earns stretched. Michelangelo did not limit himself to sculpting nude man, but also painted many important figures nude on the Sistine Chapels ceiling, such as Adam, Eve, Jesus, and others, All these art pieces, famous and important, widely recognized masterpieces include nudity. Of course, the importance and recognition of these art pieces is beatable and can be argued, but many people and important art communities consider them to be masterpieces. These art pieces illustrate both, men and women, sometimes together, other times separated, but share many things in common. All of these art pieces include nudity, and are recognized by many as important art. But then, when does art become pornography? Is it just like crossing a line, on One side its art and the closer you get to that line, it becomes less art until you cross that line and becomes pornography? If that is the case, What if you stand on the line, would it be neither art nor pornography, or both? Ever/ single person can interpret it as they want, but as I see it, many factors affect the decision Of Whether it is art or pornography. I see it as a line, on one side it is art, and on the other it is pornography, because I dont think that an art piece can be both art and pornography at the same time for a single person. Emphasize on the fact that it is for a single person, as this is very subjective. Although this is very subjective, as mentioned before, it is also very cultural. In most of Western Europe, nudity is seen in a very different way than in the Middle East, due to cultural and historical differences. Wrestling is real EssayAnyone who watches television, goes to the movies, or picks up a magazine today knows sex is prominent across all media. Discussions regarding the early equalization of children and young people are an increasingly hot topic with celebrities and politicians alike having something to say. An analysis of use of the term exultations published on the Global Media Insight bloodspot showed that in early 2010 use of the term in both mainstream and social media more than doubled (fig. . This is not to say that the concerns behind the idea Of sexualities childhood are new ones; it does however suggest that this is a concept which is increasingly in the collective public consciousness. Although the effects of sexual content have received little attention from researchers in the sass, there are strong theoretical reasons to believe that media may play an especially important role in the colonization of sexual knowledge, attitudes and behavior. These were well summarized by Elizabeth Roberts (1982): (1) the adult nature of most programming children watch: 2) childrens limited access to or experience with countervailing information or ideas; (3) the realism with which roles, relationships, and lifestyles are portrayed; and (4) the overwhelming consistency of the messages about sexuality that are communicated (Roberts, 1982, p. 209). Each tot these points is even more pertinent in 1998 than in 1982. Children watch a great deal of adult programming, and there has been a steady increase in the frequency and explicitness of sexual content on broadcast television. Young people have access to a much wider range of video content as well as to other entertainment media Han they did in the early I eggs. Movies Adolescents see movies in theaters, and the same movies are soon available on pay TV channels and video tape. Many of these movies are R-rated. They contain more frequent and more explicit portrayals of sexual behavior than broadcast TV ? an average Of 17. Per film in one analysis (Greenberg, Gimmicks, Doorman, Heater, Stanley, Sideman, Linsangan, 1993). Like TV, the most frequent sexual activity shown is unmarried sexual intercourse. Sex is often in the context of profanity, alcohol and drug use, and nudity. Not only have the movies, music world confronted similar problem as well. Lets see a real example. Modern music is becoming increasingly pornographic. It is not about being old-fashioned. Its about keeping values that are important in the modern world. We cant watch modern stars like Brittany Spears or Lady Gaga with a two-year-old. 9 percent of the charts in R and 99 percent of that is soft pornography. Children and young people are being forced to grow up too young, A researcher named Larson (1995) used an experience sampling technique to analyze the relationship between emotional states and the use tot television and other media. He argues that adolescents experience increased emotionality and that such emotionality may be related to increased use of music because it both speaks to adolescents personal issues and helps them create a separate experiential space at home Sic is also important to adolescents because it helps define their public self outside the family. Private, solitary use of both music and television use by adolescents is important in providing them an opportunity to deal with the stress and emotionality Of this Stage of development. Young people select media which entertain them, contribute to their identity orientation, help them cope With their problems and emotional mood States, and form the basis of their selection into youth subcultures. Todays generation of youth has easier access to sexual content. From television, movies, magazines, and advertisements (billboards, print, and electronic), to music (on radio and in music videos) and the Internet, youth who are interested in nudity, sexual role models, romance and depictions of sex and intercourse, have a range of media options readily available. Media provide perhaps the least embarrassing way to get information about sex and romance.

The History Of Marijuana Essays - Herbalism, Medicinal Plants

The History Of Marijuana The modern history of marijuana dates back to the 1930s. People didnt care whether it was heroin, cocaine, morphine, marijuana or opium, one horror was no worse than the other. This reflected both the lack of scientific knowledge and morbid exaggeration that have characterized much of the discussion of marijuana since that time. A large and growing body of scientific information about marijuana has now been reported in the press. Attitudes toward marijuana are starting to become more thoughtful and sophisticated. The use of marijuana is still very much the drug of choice of young people. Pot smoking is no longer the deviant behavior of a few. It is normal social practice for all kinds of people-conservatives as well as radicals, working people as well as students. A new trend in marijuana smoking is adult use. Older people also use marijuana regularly. Studies of marijuana use among older professional groups early in 1976 showed that in geographical areas of high use, there were numbers of professional and other upper middle class people who make fairly regular recreational use of the drug. Another sign of sophistication in the marijuana picture is that much more is known about it now. The new knowledge has not added up to a universally agreed-upon body of facts. Those holding opposing viewpoints on marijuana disagree chiefly on whether recreational use is harmful, and whether its possession should be legally permissible. The smoking of pot began to spread up the Mississippi from New Orleans and Mexico in the 1920s, mostly in the hands of Mexican labor workers, black riverboatmen and jazz musicians. Hemp grown for the fibers and cannabis mixtures for medical purposes were known in this country long before that. Recreational use of the substance was virtually unknown in the United States. Marijuana in a reefer to be smoked, as introduced from south of the border in the early years of the century, is still the form of cannabis generally used in this country. The cannabis plant itself grows freely almost everywhere in the world, except for the cold regions. The plants fall into three different groups with those from tropical climates markedly richer in THC than those from cooler climates. The part of the plant used makes a difference in potency in a reefer (also known as joint or reefer). The female of the plant was long considered the potent partner, with the male almost without intoxicant content. In the past, male plants were weeded out to keep the female unfertilized and therefore supposedly more productive in chemicals. Throughout history people have experimented with every part of the plant and developed dozens of preparations of smoking, eating, drinking, or sniffing the vapor as it burns. Effects vary according to the way preparation is taken in. Smoking the American joint also may have varying effectiveness. First time users often report feeling no effect at all and practiced users experience different degrees of high. Experienced users inhale slowly and hold in the smoke as long as possible. This is one reason marijuana smoking is usually done in company, so that the joint can be passed on to someone else-not allowed to burn up wastefully while the smoke is held. Experimentation with THC and other parts of the plant have demonstrated al number of effects that could be medically beneficial. None of the experiments has yet resulted in an acceptable, approved medication, but researchers are hopeful that some of them will. One possible beneficial effect of THC is bronchodilation, which may be helpful in asthma and the common cold, among other breathing disorders. Cannabis has also been shown to decrease pressure within the eyes, this checking the effects of glaucoma. Marijuana may not prove useful because of the tolerance to it that users develop. Also in special interest is the effect of cannabis in controlling vomiting. Some researchers considerate useful as a mild painkiller and also as a sedative, but continued use seems to cause rebound wakefulness. Several scientific reports have suggested possible harmful effects. These have included chromosome damage, brain damage, damage to white blood cells, possible sex debility, lung damage, and damage to the personality. Some investigators consider it a sign of brain damage when pot smokers show the so-called antimotivational syndrome-when they drop out, and opt the hippie viewpoint that so disturbed the older generation in the 1960s. Some studies have said that people using marijuana on a regular basis

Economic Regulation Essays - Market Structure,

Economic Regulation The U.S and the world economy like everything else have its ups and downs. The government plays a crucial role in deciding how the economy will set over time. An Economist by the name of John Maynard Keynes felt that if either inflation or unemployment got out of hand, the government could adjust the business cycle to balance the economy. Keynes was more geared toward the bigger picture and focused on macroeconomics. His work led to the government and many economists believing that they had control over the economy. This led to economic regulations, which affected everyone from companies to the consumers. Through the history of our economy the government has made changes by enforcing many regulations to have full control of the growth and power of the economy and to protect the consumers. Regulations can be divided into two different categories, Economic regulations and Social regulations. An Economic regulation covers sectors of the economy such as electricity, natural gas, communications, transportation, aviation, agriculture, and banking. These regulations usually include barriers to entry and exit, licensing and tariff laws, and the control of prices and wages. These regulations include acts such as the banking act of 1933 or the civil aeronautics act of 1938. Social regulations on the other hand, are there to protect the consumers. These regulations concern such things as health and safety of workers, environmental issues, and civil rights. Unlike the Economic regulations these were created much later in the 1960's and 70's. Examples of Social regulations would include the food and drug administration and the Equal Opportunity Commission, which protects employers. Regulations were starting to appear around the time of the New Deal. The government's main purpose for enforcing these regulations was because competition among corporations was starting to fail. The bulk of these regulations were put into affect from 1933 through 1938. At the time regulations seemed to have been helping. The economy continued to grow and was doing better than it ever had been. The system was able to control price and entry competition in the nations key industries. From 1930 through the sixties the economy was booming. There were low inflation rates that averaged 3.8 percent over that period of thirty years. The interest rates were also low at two percent over a period of three months. Bank failures were virtually non-existent, oil and gas supplies were readily available. The price of gas even had a slight decline in the sixties. As the sixties came to an end the growth had stopped and problems in the economy started to occur once again. The budget deficits in 1968 went from eight billion dollars to twenty five billion dollars, and continued to rise as it exceeded over 200 billion dollars by 1983. The growth in labor productivity from 1948 to 1968 was about 3.3 percent and from 1968 to 1983 declined to as low as 1.2 percent. In 1974 the banking failure rate had skyrocketed from past success. The Airlines were losing money even though they kept on increasing the price of fares; also the nations largest railroad companies were facing possible bankruptcy. The reason for the downturn in the economy was due to the control, which the government had over these corporations by enforcing these regulations. The problem with these regulations was that it caused higher than necessary costs, distorted the patterns of supply and demand. The rate of return regulations was creating inefficient capital allocations. These problems brought on what is called as deregulation. Deregulation is were the government drops many of the regulations that were put on the corporations. The period of deregulating in the late 70's is stated by many economists to be very crucial in the affect of our economy today. Major corporations such as American Airlines, AT&T, El Paso Natural Gas, and Bank America went through a process of deregulating in the late 70's and into the 80's. Even though recent acts of deregulations have occurred and have been proven to be very successful, there are also benefits to regulations along with the disadvantages. Social regulations are most beneficial to the consumer, because it protects them from their employers to what they eat. With out these regulations corporations might take short cuts to save on money, while in turn they are harming their consumers with out us having any knowledge of it. It also protects us from our employers who might have been trying to take advantage of us, or tries to refuse us of the benefits we deserve. There are also economic regulations, which protect our economy by making

Debate Topics for the High School Classroom

Debate Topics for the High School Classroom Debates are a great way for students to get involved in class. Students have to research topics, prepare for the debate with their team, and think on their feet as they practice public speaking. Learning how to debate does more than improve speaking skills; it also makes for better listeners. As a result, students are better prepared  for college and the diverse career world beyond.   Joseph Joubert â€Å"It is better to debate a question without settling it than to settle a question without debating it.† (1896) The following list of 50 debate topics  is for use in high school classrooms. While some of these are specifically written for a particular part of the curriculum, others can be modified or used in a number of different classes. Each item is listed as a proposition that one side (student or team) argues to defend while the other side (student or team) argues to oppose. 1:53 Watch Now: Ideas for Great Classroom Debate Topics Science and Technology Human cloning  should be banned.Renewable forms of energy should be subsidized by the government.The U.S. government should fund a space mission to Mars.Social media comments should be protected by free speech.Parents should be allowed to choose their babys gender.Animal testing should be banned.The U.S. government should provide internet service for every citizen.Video games are too violent. Politics and Government America should be able to provide foreign aid to countries that kill  endangered animals.It is never appropriate for the government to restrict freedom of speech.Democracy is the best form of government.All citizens who do not vote should pay a fine.The right to bear arms is a necessary constitutional amendment.Progressive tax rates are unfair.The voting age should be lowered.The driving age should be raised.A border fence should be constructed between the U.S. and Mexico.America should not give foreign aid to other countries.Drone attacks against specific targets are a necessary part of modern warfare.Affirmative action should be abolished. Social Issues Partial-birth abortion should be illegal.All parents should be required to attend parenting classes before having a child.All people should be vegetarians.Mixed martial arts  should be banned.The  death penalty  should be abolished.Sports stars should be positive role models.People should be fined for not recycling.Performance-enhancing drugs should be allowed in sports. Education All students should have an after-school job.Every student should be required to take a performing arts course.Homework should be banned.School uniforms should be required.Year-round education is not a good idea for student learning.Physical education should be required of all students throughout high school.All students should be required to perform one year of community service.Schools should block YouTube.Students should be able to leave school for lunch.Single-sex schools are better for students.Schools should punish cyberbullying that occurs outside of school.Teachers should not be allowed to contact students through social media.Public prayer should not be allowed in schools.High-stakes state testing should be abolished.Poetry should be removed from the curriculum.History (or another subject) is an important subject in school.Schools should not be allowed to track students by academic level.Students should be required to pass algebra to graduate.Students should not be graded on their handwriting. All students should take an online course.The theory of Intelligent design should be taught in science classes.

The Franco-American Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Franco-American Trade - Essay Example French exports stood at 1,427 billion francs ($285.4 billion) in 1995, 22% of GDP while the imports amounted to 1,322 billion francs ($264.4 billion). The figured showed a substantial increase in the surplus in durable goods (over 58 billion francs, $11.6 billion), a 20 billion-franc surplus ($4 billion) in farm products, a surplus of 31 billion francs ($6.2 billion) in agri-foodstuffs, a declining energy bill and a rise of 19% in electricity exports.(Stern 47) Being a member of the European Union results in a lot of internal trading between the EU countries, hence France's European Union partners absorb 64% of its trade. According to the survey carried out in the 1990s, the country had a trade surplus of 27 billion francs ($5.4 billion) with the EU in 1995. The main trading partners of France are Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, Belgium and Spain, along with the United States. As pointed out above France and United Kingdom are major trading partners. France is UK's third largest market and has been importing from Britain for the last twenty odd years. France has the distinction of being UK's third largest supplier providing 7.2% of UK imports only behind Germany (14.6%) and the USA (9.5%), while ahead of the Netherlands (7.1%) and China (6.8%). The United Kingdom is Frances's fourth export market making 8.3% total exports, after Germany (14.7%), Spain (9.9%) and Italy (9.5%). The United Kingdom is France's seventh supplier, as it pr... As Chinese products have flooded the global markets, the scenario has been similar for France who has been importing from China on an increasing rate. (Stern 51) On the other hand, United Kingdom has lost the France market and this is mostly explained by the downward trend in the oil exports by the UK to France. Other main category products whose export level has also suffered have been cars, electronic and electrical equipment, chemicals, clothing and meat. However, this has been slightly off set by increasing UK exports in sectors such as machinery (gas turbines), pharmaceuticals, aerospace, iron and other heavy metals, precious stones and beverages. The main categories or rather sectors which have been of prime trading importance between UK and France apart from the energy sector are: machinery, electrical equipment, transport, chemicals, food and consumer goods. According to the latest figures, the imports by France from UK include mostly machinery while France mostly exports transport equipment to the UK. (Gilbert 2004) Machinery constitutes the largest share in the bilateral trade by having nearly 80% representation while it is followed by the energy sector in UK exports at 11.7% and oil in UK imports at 5.9%. Energy's share in UK exports was 11.7% (10.6% being oil) and 5.9% in UK imports. Another important trading partner of France is the United States of America (USA). The foreign trade allows them to deepen the understanding of good faith that that the two countries have established. The foundation of their global trade is based on a solid arrangement. According to the latest figures published in the State publications, the average trading between the two nations is of 1 billion dollars -commercial activities and

My history as a reader and writer in Russian and in English Essay

My history as a reader and writer in Russian and in English - Essay Example Writing is an art that requires one to have passion and willingness to counter the challenges that relate to the rules of good writing. My experience in reading and Writing in college is quite different from that of high school. In high school, most of the writing involved simple compositions and summaries. In college reading and writing requires deep analysis of the contents and the interpretation of those contents. Learning a new language is quite challenging but I am determined to perfect my new skills within the shortest time possible. My strengths in this new language are the commitment I have in my studies through regular practice to enhance my speaking and writing skills. I am also good at recalling facts and materials learned which enhances my performance in English and Russian languages. My weakness is the poor mastery of new phrases, especially in the new language. To counter this weakness, I am working hard by reading many articles and noting everything that I read in my notebook. The main goals for this course are to improve my analytical skills, which will enable me to be an excellent creative writer in the future. I also want to improve my usage of verbs especially the correct use of verb tenses, which will enable me to write the high-quality grammar. I also want to organize my work very well and compete with some of the world’s renowned writers in creative and imaginative writing. Reading and writing in the two different languages will help me communicate with more people and make many friends who have similar interests.

Current issues regarding immigrants in the U.S Essay

Current issues regarding immigrants in the U.S - Essay Example These immigrants largely affect the country in terms of its economy, legislation, national security, population growth and other national and legal issues. Likewise, the current immigration system in the United States of America is a very important topic because it concerns the security, social, political, and economic aspect of the country. On the other end, it also concerns the welfare of millions of people who migrated from other countries all over the world to America. In line with this, it is realized that a considerable time must be devoted in discussing the current immigration in the United States of America. Moreover, a reform must be done to further improve the immigration system of the country to maximize the benefits that can be derived both for the immigrants and for the country. On this memorandum, it presents the three most pressing issues regarding immigrants in the U.S. as these issues have current situations that are considered most problematic. It then offers and di scusses a possible solution for each issue regarding immigrants in the country. Lastly, the implications of the proposed solutions are related to different interest groups. 1.2 IMMIGRATION IN THE UNITED STATES For many years, immigration contributed a large percentage on the population growth of America. The United States of America has been the number one destination for immigrants seeking a place to realize their desired lives, thus gives birth to the â€Å"American Dream†. In 2006, the United Nations reported that the total immigrant population in the world amounts to approximately 186,579,300 and 20.56% of which is in the United States of America (â€Å"International Migration†). The America has almost four times that of Russia’s 6.47% which has the second most number of immigrants in the world. In another account, the 2009 American Community Survey of the United States Census Bureau shows that there are 38,517,234 immigrants in the United States (â€Å"Mig ration Policy Institute†). That is about 12.5% of the U.S. population which is significant enough to affect many aspects of the United States as a country. The number of immigrants in the U.S. continues to increase by 700,000 each year (â€Å"Real Problem with Immigration†). Problems to regulate the number of immigrants in the U.S. initiate legislative reform on the immigration system of the country. 1.3 PREVIOUS IMMIGRATION REFORM BILLS It is recognized that there were previous efforts to reform the immigration system of the United States through immigration reform acts. In the past three decades, there were three notable bills that were passed in the House of Representatives and in the Senate. These are the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, Border Protection, Anti-terrorism, and Illegal Immigration Control Act of 2005, and Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2006 (Segal, Elliott and Mayadas 32). For the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, its maj or provisions are legalization for undocumented aliens who entered the country since 1982 and certain agricultural workers, sanctions for employers who hire illegal immigrants and increased enforcement at U.S. borders (â€Å"Immigration Reform†). The Border Protection, Anti-terrorism, and Illegal Immigration Control Act of 2005 aims to implement increased security at the U.S. border to prevent illegal immigrants

Pros and Cons of PESTLE Analysis

Pros and Cons of PESTLE Analysis INTRODUCTORY REVIEW: When it comes to influence the things on the business, than an enormous number of things appears to force the environment of an organization. The influence either may be economical or Political. Companies usually do PESTLE analysis to analyze themselves, economically and politically. It has been observed that a number of people still unaware with the pros and cons of such analysis and its attributes. In order to educate my readers pertinently, I intend to describe the PESTLE analysis in details first and then elaborate the economical factors which constrains the organization to loose their momentum and productivity. We will first determine the different significant factors of economics and then analyze our chosen company â€Å"ROYAL DUTCH SHELL COMPANY OF INDIA† through the PESTLE analysis model. AN OVERVIEW OF THE PEST ANALYSIS: Financial analysis and SWOT analysis are some of the credible tools indeed to analyze the financial health of a company, but factually speaking, there are a number of problems and issues, apart from the financial numbers which probably deplete the efficiency of the organization. PESTLE analysis is one of those analyses, which analyze the company in different aspects and excrete out a meaningful result for the management to take beneficial actions. The acronym of PESTLE analysis is Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental analysis of the organization. The analyst analyzes the company through these four aspects and compares the result with its competitors which ultimately help them to overcome on the loopholes in an instant and provides the company a definite edge over its competitors (Ruberson, 1999). It is appropriate that if we specifically describe each section in details, like to recognize what factors may influence the organization under the umbrella of political, environmental, social and technological subjects. Political factors include the government prudential regulations and other legal issues prevailing in the country, which intentionally or unintentionally, formally or informally an organization have to implement to operate with their full capacity. Tax policy, environmental regulations, employment laws, trade restrictions and tariffs, political stability and law and order situation in the country are all comes under the umbrella of the Politics. While the factors like economic growth, interest, exchange and discount rates in the country are categorized under the economic factors (Fitzhugh, 2005). The third category is for the social factors which include the demographic and cultural aspects of the external macroenviroment. Some social factors are, Health consciousness, age distributions, safety emphasize and population growth rate. By contrast of all this technological factors are to match the productivity with in the same industry. Research Development (RD) activities, automation, r ate of technology change and technology incentives are the some prominent examples of the technological factors which eventually effect the bottom line of an organization either positively or adversely (Ruberson, 1999). I think I justified with the elaboration to give my readers a very good idea regarding the analysis process. ECONOMICAL FACTORS: The thing which merely effect on the productivity of an organization is economical factors. There can be numerous economical factors which ultimately condense the growth potential of an entity. Mentioned below are the some economical factors which may effect adversely on an international business, let’s having a glance over them and then we will reckon by implies the same on our chosen company. Deflation Fiscal policy Rate of interest Employment rate Global Trade. Price Trend or Inflation Rate DEFLATION: When a decrease in the prices of the commodities and goods occur then we can say that deflation is incurred in the economy. Deflation urges the prices of the commodities to fall below zero percent which increases the real value of money; On the contrary inflation decreases the real value of money. Let’s say that the commodity’s price are consistently declining and reaches below zero percent then consumers intend to delay purchases and consumptions until price falls further, which results in the overall economy to show a catastrophe declining graph. Usually economists link depression with recessions and depressions. We have an example of depression, which occurred in the entire world after the World War II which is known as the worst depression ever envisaged. FISCAL POLICY: If the tax policy of the government is directed towards tax oriented having impact as well as incidence on the same person, his propensity to consume will be low because his purchasing power has been taken back by the government. The two main components of fiscal policy are spending and taxation. Government spending and slabs of taxation can impact on the aggregate demand, resource allocation and distribution of income in the country. Government usually has taken such actions in fiscal policy which ultimately overcome on the fiscal deficit and trade deficit issues, which are some of the major foes for an economy. RATE OF INTEREST: As a consequence of increase in the rate of interest, the propensity to consume will condense because the people intend to save rather than to consume. In order to enhance the moral of the borrowers the Government, usually central bank is governed to hike or shrink the rate of interest and discount rate. Keynes theory describe the thing in a proper fashion, according to him people hoard the money when they lose their confidence from the economy due to any cause like high interest rate or the fear of inflation, which exacerbate a country miserably. EMPLOYEMENT RATE: Employment rate shows that how much people out of 100 are employed and how much are not. Increasing employment rate is a green signal for the economy and proves to be a vital lever for the country. Suppose a country’s employment rate is 60%. This result manifest that 60 persons out of 100 are employed in the country and they have the consumption power and the more the consumptions the more leaves a positive impact on the economy of the country. GLOBAL TRADE: The exchange of capital goods and services across international territories is referred as global trade. The economic, social and political importance has been on the rise from past few decades. Domestic trades occur within the country while international trades occur outside the country or across a cross border. Recession is experiencing a global meltdown in international trade these days. Government seems eager to enhance this act because, the global trade is the best tool to welcome the foreign reserves in the country. PRICE TREND: As we are all aware with the fact that every person has a different purchasing power and this concept also varies from country to country depending upon the country’s financial stability. Let us suppose that if the prices are expected to increase in future, the people will increase their purchasing in present than in future. On the contrary, if the prices are expected to fall in future, purchasing of present will be postponed for a future date because they will be more willing to purchase in present than in future. Condensing the price on the products definitely induces the consumers to consume more rather than to save, which helps the money to roll over and will leave a positive impact on the country’s economy. Let’s start our PESTLE analysis on the Royal Dutch Shell Company of India, but before that I want to write few lines regarding the company and its operations in the country. AN OVERVIEW OF ROYAL DUTCH SHELL COMPANY OF INDIA: Royal Dutch Shell Company Plc, previously known with the name of Shell is a multinational company of Dutch which has the reward of not only the biggest petroleum country of the world but also listed as the world’s largest corporation of 2009. The company has it’s headquarter in Netherlands with registered office in London. The company enjoyed a huge net profit of over $26.277 billion in the year 2008. Shell has the largest network as compared with the other companies and currently it is operated in more than 90 countries of the world. The company carried its same earning momentum in almost every country, as it currently doing in India. Royal Dutch Shell is the largest and most diversified investor in the energy sectors of India and it already invested above $1 billion in that particular sector to make the sector strong enough to tackle with the energy crisis. Fuel retail license is one of the major requirements, which must be complied appropriately in order to run the petroleum business smoothly with in the country and as per the jurisdiction of the law. In India Shell, is the only company which has a valid fuel retail license (Annual Report, Shell). Shell India has been engaged in diversified business, beside from the private sector supplier of crude, products, chemicals and technologies to private/public sector oil companies, the company also has a key interest in bitumen, lubricants and LPG receiving and regasification. The company is currently enrolled with different communities like NGOs and other public inst itutions and enjoying massive profit taking years by year and eventually becomes an asset for the country by contributing a large size of revenues. A lot of factors influenced on the productivity of the company from last few years. Which we will discuss in our PESTLE analysis. PESTLE ANALYSIS OF SHELL COMPANY IN INDIA: As we have discussed earlier that, we analyzed the organization in different broader aspects of Political, Economical, Social, Technological, in the PESTLE analysis, lets discusses each factor in details and excrete out a meaningful result from our analysis. (P)OLITICAL ISSUES WITH THE COMPANY: The world largest democracy element allegedly found in India, with over 900 million people living in an area, which is less than one third of the size of the United States (US). Poor law and order situation, instability of politics and blood shaded violence threatening the entire world especially the core of the business in the country. India’s social and economic circumstances parallel its political condition. It can be say that the political situation of the country is so vulnerable because a big amount of people living in the abject poverty. Recent assault on the Mumbai hotel is one of the biggest examples of political issues. Apart from that a number of times it happened that, whenever a political leader has been killed than their adherents totally destroyed the country with ablaze the vehicles and most wretchedly the situation for the fuel stations. From past few years over 400 fuel pumps pf Shell had been burned out in these types of situations, which resultantly left an adverse effect on the company’s bottom line and also on the minds of foreign investors. Shell company in India has to come up stringently and fragility to overwhelmed this matter, by submitting a petition in the jurisdiction of the courts regarding the safety issues. (E)CONOMICAL ISSUES WITH THE COMPANY: No doubt that India revamps their industries and economy a lot as compared with other economies, especially in Asia but there are some scarcities still there in their strategies to break the intensity of economical problems. Financial crisis is one of the major factors which urged a number of countries to be default. The economical factors whish we have discussed before has a direct relation with the influence on the company’s environment. Price Unemployment Trend Effect: The buying power of every individual differs from than that of other which is totally dependent on their income. Let’s forget about the current financial crisis, and think about the Indian economy when it was on its full momentum and the inflation rate is in control. Satisfactory employment rate and good income opportunities constrained the person of the country to utilize the petroleum products excessively, which ultimately leaves a positive impact on the performance of the oil companies like shell, but the current liquidity crunch compelled hundreds of thousands of industries to slashed jobs which hiked the unemployment rate up to discretionary level. Current economical situation makes the life of a person exacerbate and it is so difficult for them even to stifle. Unemployment and high inflation rates in India resultantly effects negatively on about every industry and especially the oil industries are in severe distress. Mounting business co st and depleting economy situation suppressed the oil companies to cut down their supply of oil and curb the jobs from the company. Recently government increased the prices of per liter Petrol by 4 Indian Rupees, which have a direct relation with overall commodities prices. The action decrease the consumption of oil with in the country and rightly so the people are living their life hand to mouth and due to the current financial turmoil a number of people spending their life below the poverty line, so how they expect to consume petrol in excessive quantity. Interest rates and Global Trade Effects: Due to the current economic slump the global trade of India deteriorated rapidly, because almost every country has dearth of adequacy of the products, in which they usually trade, United States of America, United Kingdom, Germany and other developing countries are the major alleys in trading, but these countries are also in a severe distress of the credit crunch, that is why intervention in the global trade has been countenanced from last year. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) also increased the discount rates and Cash Reserve requirement (CRR) rate, to fetch the country’s treasury pertinently. Shell Company India also faced a numerous problems regarding the current increment in the discount rates because now they have to pay large amounts as interest to their creditors. If the government relay seems to viable the company then they have to contemplate on the interest rates issue. (S)OCIAL ISSUES WITH THE COMPANY: It has been observed that the Shell Company doesn’t have a good connection with that of other oil companies operating in the country. For the enlargement of their business, the company has to expand its social circles with the in the country. It can be done at the corporate levels and with the virtue of the Government. Shell India can expand their business if they enhance their relations with other oil companies. (T)ECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES FOR THE COMPANY: Technology is of the major thing which is an essential requirement to viable a country’s economy and the productivity of a company. It has been observed that no major improvement has been innovating from past decade in the petroleum industry. If we seen in Europe than we observe that there is very good system of detecting the data of the customer and also has a wonderful system to receive payments from the customers online. Albeit, the Shell company in India is one of the biggest companies operating in the country, so in order to maintain the same status they have to prudently look over their technological issues and do proper check and balance of their lacking. This is the only way they can enhance their productivity and performance which ultimately effect positively on their net profit. CONCLUSION: Royal Dutch Shell Company of India is one of the largest companies operating in India. The company is registered on the Stock Exchange of the country and due to their excellent financial health; they have a wonderful track record in facilitation to their shareholders as well as their customers. PEST analysis reveals that there are certain issues, which they really have to taken into consideration, if they really want to dominate in the future like they are dominating presently. We really emphasized on the economical issues in our PEST analysis, which may become a peril threat for the company, if they doesn’t mitigate accordingly. REFERENCES: Ruberson, R John, (1999), â€Å"Handbook of PEST management†, McGraw Hill Publications. Fitzhugh, P (2005), â€Å"Pest Control†, University Press Publication. Annual Report, (2008), retrieved from â€Å"www.shell.com†

Maxine Hong Kingstons No Name Woman Essay examples -- Chinese Society

Maxine Hong Kingston's No Name Woman "A highly fictive text [whose non-fiction label gives] the appearance of being an actual representation of Asian American experience in the broader public sphere." (Gloria Chun, "The High Note") Such a disparaging remark about the misleading nature of Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior has been readily refuted, notably by Leilani Nishime, who proposes in her essay "Engendering Genre..." that it is a text that transcends genre confines; it challenges traditional definitions of genre and demands redefinitions. Whatever the case, "No Name Woman" (NNW) is remarkable in the way the reader is given a candid social commentary in the guise of an intriguing tale of scandal and oppression. In a vivid representation of traditional Chinese society, Kingston artfully manipulates perspective, or more aptly character filter (Chatman, Reading Narrative Fiction 130), to reflect the culture of an entire society in the vicissitudes of one family's life. The opening scene itself suggests the structure of the entire story: we are immediately presented with a tragic story-in-a-story, or framed-narrative (Chatman, 97), of the narrator's adulterous aunt. Somehow, the events viewed in retrospect through the eyes of the narrator's traditional, conservative mother seem skewed and moralistic, rendered with an objective, instructive voice which complements the primary narrator's didactic tones as she takes over the discussion from her mother following the opening tale. A little later on, the filter switches almost seamlessly over to that of the aunt, in a radically different retelling of her tale by the (primary) narrator (14). Such smooth filter-character transitions occur frequently throughout the text... ...le viewpoints, overlapping timelines and a dominating, though largely implied narrator's (possibly author's) slant work together to present Kingston's unique view of gender roles and their assimilation into Chinese-American culture; a far-reaching yet intimate projection of her history, society and self. Bibliography: Chatman, Seymour. Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1980. Reading Narrative Fiction. Ed. Seymour Chatman. New York: Macmillan, 1993. Chun, Gloria. "The High Note of the Barbarian Reed Pipe: Maxine Hong Kingston." Journal of Ethnic Studies 19.3 (Fall 1991): 85-95. Kingston, Maxine Hong. The Woman Warrior: Memoirs Of A Girlhood Among Ghosts. London: Picador, 1981. Nishime, LeiLani. "Engendering genre: gender and nationalism in China Men and The Woman Warrior." MELUS20.1 (Spring 95): 67-85.

Introduction of the Working Process of Sand Production Line

Thus , according to Henna Machinery Co. , Ltd. To develop much needed gravel industry , saw the opportunity , vigorously develop innovation and mining machinery and equipment upgrades . Henna Machinery Co. , Ltd. Can offer to develop a variety of stone production line according to customer requirements for engineering detailed stone and construction sand , stone crusher , Henna Machinery Co. Ltd. O develop a high degree of automation production lines , large crushing ratio , high production efficiency, capacity large, through the broken product without internal cracks , high compressive strength , in addition to equipment maintenance simplicity , the vulnerability of seniors to improve the current international high- strength wear-resistant materials , low loss and long service life , can bring considerable economic benefits to customers .Construction of buildings need a lot of sand , but the sand Is not the same quality requirements , artificial sand and natural and analogy, rough a ppearance and shape is the main difference between bad . Rough appearance and shape of the less round, pouring concrete for the activity caused adverse effects , such activity will result in poor open areas free of concrete being produced , it can be said sand maker directly affect the quality of the project . Therefore, the quality of the pros and cons of artificial sand should be mainly in rough shape and the appearance of circularity , In addition , artificial sand produced raw materials . S well as other synthetic material limitations are caused by the manufacturing industry will need to take it seriously and construction companies facing problems. Scientific management, advanced processing technology and innovative manufacturing theory make Foote Heavy Machinery become the exporting base of mobile crusher plant, wheel mobile Jaw crusher and famous grinding equipment In China. What Honoring has done is for the clients and we believe that quality Is the best way to develop market .Artificial sand looks rough and circularity poor , mainly determined by the production equipment. Look from the perspective of industry associations , artificial sand production as springing with the herd instinct of the phenomenon , and more practitioners lack of expertise , coupled with the technology behind sand making equipment sector produced only the interests of suppliers , appearing on the market a lot of poor quality and immature equipment , to the healthy development of the cause of the artificial sand brought severe consequences.Lu , president of those known to conquer the world , whether to do anything for a class of companies said the accused , he said, those companies producing equipment production efficiency is low, and capital consumption is amazing , is not mature production equipment. Therefore, any investment has risks , artificial sand is no exception investment , investors need to pay attention to , in addition to market demand and prospects , but also need to be there really enough expert advice.At present , China has some of the artificial sand equipment conduct of investment business prenatal training and after-sales service , to develop Henna Foote Machinery Co. , Ltd. On behalf of China†s artificial sand equipment production enterprise technologies level. Mobile quarry plant: http:// www. Chinatown. Com/pro/pap. HTML

Introduction To The Visual Arts Essays - Byzantine Art, Mosaic

Introduction To The Visual Arts Essays - Byzantine Art, Mosaic Introduction to the Visual Arts Throughout history art has played an intricate role in society's perception of life. Art is used as form of expressionism be it physical or emotional, religious or the mockery of religion. The birth of new artistic eras were due to the technological advancements of the world. Below are a few examples of works of art that from different era in our humanity. Francisco de Stefano's, named Pesellino during the renaissance, A Miracle of Saint Silvester is a scene representative of an episode of Saint Silvester's life who was pope during the reign of Constantine the Great. Originally this work forms the lower portion of an altarpiece. The scene may be recognized as showing the miracle by which the Pope Saint Silvester convinced Helen, the mother of the emperor Constantine, that her son's conversion to Christianity was justifiable. Saint Silvester is shown bringing back to life a bull that had been killed by a Jewish Doctor, who had argued for his faith. Witnessing this godly act all present at this scene were converted to Christianity. Helen is seen enthroned under the right hand loggia, the Emperor under the left hand, while the Jewish pagans witness the miracle. Pesellino uses rich colors that entice the spectators' attention, which was common during the Renaissance. The use of orange, blue, and gold allows the artist to draw the spectators attention to what he feels is imperative within the work. Pesellino composes with an extremely finished style which is apparent with the detail used in the facial features as well as the gold trim that is which is shown on all present within the work. This style of painting opened the door for many artists who followed. Andrea Del Sarto's Saint John the Baptist only one of few paintings in America composed by Del Sarto. He composed this work of the patron saint of Florence at the height of his artistic career. The harmonious balance composition, delicate modeling, and glowing tonalities are hallmarks of his artistic style. The graceful design and blending of rich colors reflect the idealized style of the High Renaissance. He also uses Christian and classical traditions such as the portrayal of a coarse hair shirt, pointing hand, and reed cross are representative of Jesus Christ. The use of light on the right arm and pointing hand draws the spectator to focus attention to the cross symbolizing Christ. The use of analogous colors, red and green gives the spectator a genuine portrayal of human skin and stimulates our eyes. The use of golden halo and ivy reef alludes to Bacchus, who was considered a pagan antetype of both Christ and the Baptist during the Renaissance. The late Roman Hunting Scene is mosaic that was escavated from Antioch in three pieces of pavement. The sheer size of this work is breath taking, 20 ft. 6.25 inches X 23 ft. 9.75 inches. The mosaic depicts the hunting of dangerous game, an aristocratic pastime which is represented throughout Roman work. At first glance from a distance one may mistake the pavement to be a carpet. At the center position is a hunter surrounded by animals in a pattern that doesn't clutter the mosaic. The animals are portrayed more naturalistic than the humans and were used to fill the voids in the mosaic. The tiles are arranged in an arching motion, which gives the illusion of movement to the spectator. Hunters on foot and horseback attack a variety of animals that are highly placed with in the animal kingdom. There is a sense of grotesqueness due to the portrayal of blood with in the mosaic. The hunters seem to consider their conquests as sporty due to their facial expressions. The hunters dress in a He llenistic style. Mosaics were produced by workshops consisting of mastercraftsmen and apprentices. Mosaicists painted or scored the basic designs ad figures into the wet surface. Tesserae were then laid onto a thin bed of sort mortar. Once the entire floor was finished, the surface was polished with an abrasive stone and fine sand. An excellent piece of architecture is the Chapter House from west central France. It served the purpose of prayer, study, and reflection. The gothic style of the arches, which support the

Energy Example

Energy Example Energy – Coursework Example Energy No: Energy In the past few decades, the industrial revolution brought many problems besides several economic benefits. The most important damage that the industrial revolution produced is the climate change. The climate change is due to the emissions of the green house gasses and aerosol particles from the factories and vehicles. The most emissions are produced to fulfill the energy requirements in the United States. In this way there is a need to find such resources that produce no or less harmful emissions. Renewable energy resources and nuclear energy are free from harmful emissions while coal and other fossil fuel resources produce much green house emissions. â€Å"The U.S. should expand its use of nuclear energy to generate electricity, replacing coal-fired plants with nuclear power plants as soon as possible. Nuclear power and renewable energy sources are to be preferred over coal and other fossil fuels†.Nuclear energy is free from green house gas emissions and th e most important concern in the modern world is the green house emissions. There is a need to control the green house gas emissions in order to reduce the environmental impacts of energy sector. Results show that averagely there is an increase of about 0.8-1oC rise in the temperature of the world due to the climate change. The utilization of other renewable resources like solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, etc also produce no or fewer amounts of green house emissions and thus climate change can be reduced by utilizing the green house gas emissions. A nuclear power plant is a kind of a thermal power plant in which nuclear fuel replaces the fossil fuel. Thus it is feasible to replace the current coal powered power plants with the nuclear energy, as both are thermal power plants. However, there is much difference in a methods utilized to extract energy from the nuclear sources and fossil fuel sources. Some disadvantages of the nuclear power exist like exposing to the radiations, secu rity and intensity of energy. However, a better security method can minimize the security and exposing to the radiation risk. Thus nuclear power is safe and environment friendly source of energy and utilized in a massive way to reduce the effects of climate change. In the similar way, other renewable energy resources are also encouraged to be utilized.ReferencesKanellos, Michael. (January 12, 2012). â€Å"Should U.S Expend Nuclear Power†? CBSnews.com. Retrieved 20th Jane 2012 from cbsnews.com/8301-504466_162-6087612-504466.html

Perceived Stress for Middle School Principals Essay

Perceived Stress for Middle School Principals - Essay Example eform movement was unlike any previous laws enacted in the past, and it literally reshaped the traditional school system that had been a mainstay of American culture for well over two centuries. President Bush actually drew upon his various experiences as governor of Texas in helping to draft the No Child Left Behind Act. This particular reform movement carried many similarities to legislation passed in the Texas during the 1990s, only now to implemented on a national scale (Debray, 2005). Upon coming into office, the Bush administration quickly set forth an ambitious educational reform agenda and, by 2001, it was already evident that legislation would be drafted that would be unlike any previous attempts at educational reform made by other Presidents before him (Sunderman, 2005). During this time, is also became well known that certain provisions within NCLB itself would be completely new to professional educators and the public alike. This included the provision for state mandated testing, the frequency with which such exams would be required, and the disciplines that the tests would encompass. The legislation also mandated a strict focus on improving scores in the areas of mathematics and reading, as well as setting aside funding and penalties for thousands of schools almost immediately upon the signing of the actual legislation (Sunderman & Kim, 2005). One area that quickly became a target was local school districts. They were required to give up control over the student assessment process in deference to new federal guidelines and procedures. The No Child Left Behind Act went so far as to require respective state in the Union to design their own exams and then administer them to every eligible child within their fold. For really the first time in the history of America, this particular reform effort mandated academic improvement as a matter of law, and not just principle (Orefield, 2005). In reality, this quickly became a regulatory issue, as

Journal#3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Journal#3 - Assignment Example rmined by heredity, and growth requires a great deal of high energy with breast feeding being the best way to ensure babies get proper nourishment, structure and functions of the brain like FMRI, moving and grasping: early motor skills, perception and mind theory. Nine foundational theories have also been elaborated in the PowerPoint presentation like Freud’s stages of psychosexual development, Erikson’s psychosocial stages, Piaget cognitive theory which states that cognitive development occurs by adaptation though assimilation, and Socio-cultural theory among other well elaborated and highly informative theories. A well detailed and elaborate personal case study encompassing physical, mental, language and social aspects in a child’s growth and development from the first to the ninth month has also been explained well. Finally, we see clearly that in the development of food preferences in young children, food selection clearly has important adaptive value to us as human beings, and that we have the innate ability of learning how to differentiate between edible from inedible foods, how to avoid toxins, and how to eat a nutritious diet in order to

WEEK5 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

WEEK5 - Research Paper Example This work will be illuminating the ideal salesmanship. Salespersons make a part of daily life as they often approach us, or they appear almost everywhere around us; be it in the offices, at home, shopping malls or even at commercial eateries. This explains why I have interacted with an uncountable number of them, all portraying different, sometimes contradicting features. However, from this unlimited number, I could rank them all ranging from the most unpleasant to the most pleasant. Though my experience with most sale persons has never been entirely pleasant, I can at least pick the best performer of them. This happened to be a direct sales representative in a bank, who helped me into having my first bank account despite having been totally ignorant in this field. Calm in demeanor and direct in his words, this man was sure of everything he was telling me. He took me through each account type and advised me on the best of them to choose, later leaving me to make my personal decision. A few years after when I needed to change my account type, this same man gave me advice and I have never been regretful to date. I happened to have one most remarkably unpleasant experience with a salesperson in one of the mobile service provider companies in my country. Mobile phone accessories were on sale in this occurrence. The event having been a road show, almost every feature of it had been annoying except for how well persuasive he was that he managed to entice me into his ideas. To participate into their promotion, one had to make a deposit of some cash, and then get assigned a t-shirt to recognize them as a member there-of. One alarming action was how this man pressurized me into giving him this cash into his hand. I view this as inappropriate because a customer should do everything willingly without feeling coerced. I later picked from scattered pieces of paper, only to be told

Domestic markets Essay Example for Free

Domestic markets Essay Theoretically, opening up domestic markets to international trade would increase the level of competitiveness in the market place, making businesses find better ways of producing goods more efficiently (at a lower cost). This is because trade encourages greater specialisation, which dramatically lowers costs and more intense competition, which is central to innovation. The graph below shows the correlation of trade and chinas economic growth. As you can see there is a positive correlation between trade and GDP, suggesting that trade is an important factor for the economic growth in China. However, Chinas trade surplus (the value of exports net of imports) is a better measure of the contribution of international trade to the economy. Since 1990, the trade surplus has averaged about 2 to 3% of GDP, exports have grown faster than imports and China has had trade surpluses in all but 1 year from 1990 to 2003. The trade surplus peaked at 4. 5% in 1997-98. Chinas trade surplus of $25 billion amounted to 1. 8% of GDP in 2003. Chinas trade liberalisation has created an attractive business environment and therefore has had a significant impact on FDI inflows. Foreign Direct Investment is usually imported in a country by multi-national companies seeking to take advantage of particular laws (such as cheaper land value, cheaper taxes etc ) to reduce the cost of production and to gain a competitive edge over rival companies. Similarly with international trade, an increase in FDI would increase a countrys GDP, because FDI brings in valuable funds which can be used to increase industrial output, create new job opportunities and sometimes, technology transfer which could increase innovation. However, the already lack of investment, coupled with an uncertain political climate and other unfavorable factors, at first severely hindered Chinese attempts to attract FDI. In the graph below11, you can see that in 1980, the flow of FDI into China totaled less than $200 million. In 1997, however, the flow of FDI exceeded $44. 9 billion, more than 225 times larger than the flow in 1980. Beginning in 2000, investment surged again through a combination of massive government infrastructure spending and investment in manufacturing facilities by both foreign and domestic investors. Preparations to host the 2008 Olympic Games contributed to a further frenzy of construction projects. Chinas late-2002 accession to the World Trade Organization spurred many companies, both domestic and multinational, to invest in China in anticipation of greater market opportunities (appex. 2) During this time, China was the largest recipient of FDI among developing countries, and the second largest in the world. Several factors have contributed to the increase in FDI inflows. China liberalised its FDI regime concurrently with the implementation of its economic reform and open doors policies in the late 1970s and especially since the early 1990s (Appex. 3). Implementing a series of laws and regulations governing FDI, China has substantially reduced investment barriers and improved its investment environment by opening more regions and economic sectors to foreign investors. In addition to such policies, it has the worlds largest population providing an abundance of cheap labour (Appex. 4) and a potentially huge market. Recognising the potential since the early 1980s, countries in the region such as Hong Kong and the Asian Tiger economies have become important capital suppliers. To understand Chinas rapid expansion in foreign trade, it is important to acknowledge how vital Multi-Nationals companies (MNCs) have been to its export growth. It should be noticed that Chinas opening to foreign investment occurred simultaneously with an opening to foreign trade. Even without large inflows of FDI, export capacity might still have expanded but perhaps at a less rapid pace. However, unlike Chinas trade values, FDI had seen a small decline in the years 1999 and 2000. When you combine both FDI inflows with GDP in China over the last 10 years, you can see that even if FDI decreases or remains level, economic growth via GDP still increase, suggesting that FDI is not as important to economic growth as trade. It is also important to note that Chinas FDI performance must be viewed in an international perspective. In terms of FDI inflows per capita, China ranks lower than all OECD countries save for one, and even ranks relatively low among developing countries12. Much of Chinas FDI is short-term, in labour intensive manufacturing, with foreign investment in high-tech machinery and the services sectors lagging behind, Though investment in processing and assembling declined 10%, the manufacturing sector garnered 70% of FDI from 2000-2005. Telecom, electronics, and chemicals also received significant shares of foreign investment. 13 China could be encouraging FDI in high technology based manufactures as a way to encourage domestically owned firms to move up the value-added chain. However, trade and investment liberalisation cannot by itself improve Chinas economic growth. Arguably much of Chinas rapid economic growth is due to changes in government policies that created a socialist market economy in which the private sector plays a key role. Enterprises either owned or controlled by government entities now account for less than 30% of industrial output. We must not forget that the domestic industry has also been a driver of Chinas phenomenal economic growth of the past 30 years. Industrial development has hastened since reform began in the late 1970s, growing at an annual rate of over 11% between 1978 and 2000 compared to an average GDP growth rate of 9.6% during this period, as you can see from the graph on the next page. Chinas GDP growth and industrial growth rates14 The importance of industrial output in the Chinese economy has increased over time, from 21% of GDP in 1952 to 51% at present. Changes in the composition of Chinas GDP, 1952-200215 Government polices provided several short-term burst of productivity within the industry, in 1980 when China began the renovation from a centrally planned to a more market based economy, industrial output rose 16. 5% from 1981-1985. Before any Government reforms, growth rate of GDP was 5.3%, but post-reforms saw the growth rate increase to 9. 7% (Appex. 5) Economists such as Wayne Morrison and Mathew Shane have concluded that productivity gains (i. e. increases in efficiency) were another major factor in Chinas rapid economic growth. The improvements to productivity were caused largely by a reallocation of resources to more productive uses, especially in sectors that were formerly heavily controlled by the central government, such as agriculture, trade, and services. For example, agricultural reforms boosted production16, freeing workers to pursue employment in the more productive manufacturing sector. Productivity can be increased by using factors of production more efficiently, by improving the quality of the basic factors of production, for example, increasing the skill or education of labor. Consumption spending contributed too much of Chinas early growth following economic reforms in the early 1980s. The aggregate demand and supply diagram below shows the level of output at any given level of aggregate demand. As consumption was increasing in China from 1878 to 1882, this would lead the aggregate demand line to shift to the right, where the economy is approaching full capacity output. The increase in demand induces businesses to take more employment and increase output. However, inflation will occur as costs will rise and then prices, as businesses try to pass the costs on to consumers. However, over time, the role of consumption has declined and the contribution of investment has generally risen. Since 1978, gross capital formation (investment) accounted for an average of 37% of GDP, while the share due to consumption expenditures averaged 62%. Consumptions contribution to GDP peaked at about two-thirds in the early 1980s and fell to 55% in 2003. By comparison, consumption accounts for 70% of GDP in the United States. Chinas substantial consumption contributing to growth of GDP17 This lower rate of consumption has made way for the impressive level of domestic savings to increase in China, which has helped stimulate economic growth. When reforms were initiated in 1979, domestic savings as a percentage of GDP stood at 32%. However, most Chinese savings during this period were generated by the profits of state-owned enterprises, which were used by the central government for domestic investment. Economic reforms however, led to substantial growth in Chinese household savings. As a result, savings as a percentage of GDP has steadily risen; it reached 49% in 2003, among the highest savings rates in the world. 18 Chinas rise as an economic superpower is likely to pose both opportunities and challenges for the world trading system. Chinas rapid economic growth has boosted incomes and is making China a huge market for a variety of goods and services. In addition, Chinas abundant low-cost labor has led multinational corporations to shift their export-oriented, labor-intensive manufacturing facilities to China. This process has lowered prices for consumers, boosting their purchasing power. It has also lowered costs for firms that import and use Chinese-made components and parts to produce manufactured goods, boosting their competitiveness. Conversely, Chinas role as a major international manufacturer has raised a number of concerns. Many developing countries worry that growing FDI in China is coming at the expense of FDI in their country. Policymakers in both developing and developed countries have expressed concern over the loss of domestic manufacturing jobs that have shifted to China. Conclusion Throughout my investigation I have demonstrated the importance of trade liberalisation and Foreign Direct Investment to Chinas record breaking economic growth. It is however, very hard to put an exact figure to show the extent of how beneficial trade and FDI have been to Chinas economic growth, but undeniably they have all been part of a cycle, each factor helping stimulate economic growth in certain ways. I do believe that to an extent trade liberalisation and FDI are interdependent on each other, the opening up of markets to free trade has spurred more FDI than it would have if it had not liberalised. Nevertheless, trade liberalisation and FDI cannot by itself improve Chinas overall economic growth. The benefits of trade liberalisation and FDI to particular sectors of the industry will rely not only on their theoretical comparative advantage but also upon their ability to restructure and upgrade operations through technological improvements to take advantage of market opportunities. All factors including industrial output, increased productivity and efficiently within the industry, high level of consumer saving, early consumption and Government policies have all had an impact on the outcome of economic growth. China has the potential to continue its rapid growth in the foreseeable future. The factors that have propelled growth over the past 30 years are still in place. Chinas economy is still a long way from mature status where growth rates tail off. If the Chinese Government wishes to keep their economic growth at such a high rate, they must face challenges such as exchange rates, structural imbalances and a troubled banking system, in order for them to continue to grow As long as China maintains an open attitude toward foreign investment and invests heavily in infrastructure and other capital, it will continue to grow rapidly.

Easements: Solar Access Protection Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow :: Essays Papers

Easements: Solar Access Protection Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow At tropical latitudes the sun is directly overhead the majority of the time, therefore, solar access is guaranteed without regulation. However, in the United States, solar access is influenced by many factors including; latitude, time of day, season, and angle of the sun. Furthermore, shade and shadows due to vegetation and structure greatly diminish the productive capacity of solar collection. Unfortunately, the right to unhindered solar access does not accompany land ownership rights in the United States. Federal and state governments encourage uses of alternative energy sources by appropriating funds for research and development of alternative energy technologies and through tax credits. Laws and/or regulations that guarantee landowner rights to solar access are critical for continued application of solar collection. Many states have introduced legislation to protect solar access rights, in effect removing barriers for solar energy utilization. Without legal safeguards, tim e and monetary investments in solar collection are fruitless and unwise. Although protected in ancient Greece, it was not until the 1970s and the OPEC oil embargo that U.S. courts and lawmakers began to create legal protection for landowners right to solar access. Consequently, twenty-four states enacted legislation to protect solar access, largely by recognizing the validity of solar access easements (Bradbrook 1988). This paper will attempt to explain easements and their historical context in terms of solar access rights. Additionally, we will explore the future of solar access regulation and law in terms of what needs to be done to create successful legislation that guarantees solar access for all. Balancing is a key aspect of legal challenges to solar access. This term refers to the balance between the rights of one landowner to use the sun as a source of energy versus the rights of neighboring landowners to fully exercise their private property rights including economic gain as a result of using their land (Charter 1983). Easements are collectively viewed as a mechanism of solar access protection that successfully weighs political, economic and legal concerns (Beaumont and Imperati1984). Easements can be complex especially when dealing with property rights. To simplify our discussion we will consider easements to be a property right transfer, agreed upon in a written covenant that guarantees one landowner a limited right to access a benefit from another’s land.

Diversity of the Family

?Family Diversity Term Papers If there is any one constant concerning the diversity of family and family structure in the United States over the past one hundred years or so, it is change. Almost every familial characteristic one would choose to study – from the median age at the time of first marriage, to the number of children per household, to the rate of divorce – has either risen significantly, declined dramatically, or both. What is certain is that the study of family diversity, and the evolution of such diversity in the United States is intriguing. The very structure and character of the American family has evolved significantly from 1900 to 2000. From a strong patriarchical start at the turn of the century, the American family evolved into what is now referred to as a companionate marriage up until the 1960s, when individualism began winning out over traditional family values. The divorce rate first rose and later fell, but left in its wake a number of unmistakable trends. From 1970 to 1992 the number of single-family households in the United States increased from 13% to 32% . Cohabitation evolved from a fringe phenomenon reserved mostly for hippies to a mainstream trend, with the number of heterosexual couples cohabitating outside of marriage up ten-fold since 1960. The number of households with children, in the mean time, has declined to just over a quarter of all households, falling from a high of 45% in 1972 to 26% in 1999. The most common household composition in the United States today is an unmarried couple without children. More than anything else, the very diversity in the types of families and households has increased by what seems like an order of magnitude. In what follows, I examine and discuss the changes that have occurred in the diversity of family and familial structure in the United States over the past century. I begin with an examination of the evolution of family form. Next, I examine the diversity in family typology. I conclude with an examination of a variety of trends in family diversity.

Critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of England being a mixed economy rather than a pure command or completely free-market.

Abstract: Different economies of the world choose one of the three economic systems: command economy, free market economy, and mixed economy to suit their needs and aims most appropriately. While each of these economic systems have their own advantages and disadvantages, most of the economies of the world are currently mixed economies. The command economy system has become substantially outdated as most economies, such as China and the Soviet Union, are transitioning into mixed economic systems. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each of the economic systems and particularly focuses upon the advantages and disadvantages that England has of being a mixed economy rather than a free market economy or a command economy. The paper sheds light upon issues such as unemployment, medical care, transport, and the increasing rate of immigrants that the country currently has to face. Introduction: Countries around the globe adopt various economic systems which suit their own circumstances or which their governments feel would be most appropriate to promote prosperity in the country. The economic systems of countries also evolve over time and may change from one particular system to another when the government, economic advisors of the country, and the public deem appropriate. There are three main types of economic systems which include the free market economy, the command economy, and the mixed economy (Ostrom, 2010). While most of the countries in the world are mixed economies, there are examples of countries which are closer to being free market economies or command economies. As with other economic concepts, each of the economic systems mentioned have their own respective advantages and disadvantages (Ostrom, 2010). Accordingly, governments and economic advisors devise economic policies which classify the economy into the categories of one of the three types of economic sys tems. However, governments may change these policies and may also change the economic systems adopted in a country when they feel it is required, although this process may take a long period of time (Ostrom, 2010). This paper will aim to explain the three types of economic systems and their advantages and disadvantages and then commence with a critical evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of England being a mixed economy rather than a complete free market economy or a pure command economy. The paper will begin with an explanation of the free market economy and the advantages and disadvantages of the free market economy, followed by the command economy and the advantages and disadvantages of the command economy. The paper will continue with an explanation of the mixed economy and the advantages and disadvantages of the mixed economy and the application of these concepts to the economy of England. The paper will then critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of En gland being a mixed economy and conclude with a summary of the main points mentioned and recommendations for improvements in economic policy for the country. Free Market Economy: The free market economy is an economic system which is purely driven by the market forces of demand and supply and the price mechanism. Thus, in the free market economy, those goods and services which are in high demand are produced and supplied and those that consumers are not willing to pay a high price for are not produced or supplied. The free market economy promotes the privatization of all industries as all resources are owned by private individuals in a free market economy and there is little or no government intervention (Polak, 2013). The government does not nationalize any industries and does not interfere in the production of goods or services. The free market economy is also known as the â€Å"laissez’faire† economy and producers operate upon the profit motive as the economy is in a state of pure competition (Baylis, Smith, & Owens, 2013). The advantages of a free market economy include that consumers are provided with a variety of products at potentially lo w prices as there are many producers competing for market share. Consumers are also likely to benefit from high quality products as producers would be competing with one another on the basis of factors such as quality and price. Consumers would also benefit from additional advantages such as convenience, variety, and availability of choice. Also, consumers would easily be able to find the products which they are demanding as the market would be operating according to the price mechanism (Polak, 2013). There would be higher investment in research and development and more chances of larger technological breakthroughs as firms would be competing to gain a competitive advantage in the design of their products /services and/or gaining a cost advantage in their production processes. The free market economy may also mean higher productivity levels, higher wages, and more work opportunities for individuals. This is because the economy would be in a state of rigorous competition, making room for more workers to gain higher incomes as businesses would also be competing to recruit the most talented and skilled workers. An economy may prosper and increase its GDP when operating upon a free market economy system, yet it is often considered that the disadvantages of a free market economy system outnumber its advantages (Bremmer, 2010). The disadvantages of a free market economy system include the fact that there is likely to be a high level of inequality in the distribution of income as the rich would be likely to get richer and the poor would be likely to get poorer. Additionally, as there would be no or little government intervention, the public would not be provided with benefits such as welfare schemes, pension schemes, and may not even be provided with fair pay according to the cost of living. Problems such as inflation and the occurrence of monopolies would also not be prevented by the government as the government would have no major role in the economy. There may be wastage of resources as the economy would be in a state of pure competition and expenditure would be incurred on activities such as advertising, marketing, and continuous innovation of products/services (Coates, 2014). Essential services would not be provided to the public such as free medical care, police and army services, and education (Robertson, 2013). De-merit goods such as drugs, alcohol, cigarettes, and other products would be produced without interference or control from public authorities. Public goods which are not produced for a profit but are produced because they are necessary such as street lighting, water, roads, and other such products/services are either priced very high or not produced at all. Accordingly, a free market economy may be beneficial for the rich but may be highly detrimental for the poor. There is no example of a complete free market economy in the world but the USA comes closest to the definition of a free market or capitalist economy. This is becaus e the USA has approximately 30% government spending in its GD, one of the lowest figures in the world, with 70% expenditure incurred by the private sector (Coates, 2014). A pure command economy is the opposite of a free market economy and will be explained in the next section of this paper. Command/Planned Economy: A planned or command economy is the opposite of a free market economy and is an economic system which is completely controlled by the government. In a planned economy, most or all resources are owned by the government and the government decides what is produced in the economy and the price charged for the products/services. Consumers have little or no say in what is produced and all industries are nationalized. A planned economy also sets out the wages of workers and may also impose quotas upon the number of goods purchased by a single household. Command or planned economies are sometimes imposed by governments in order to maintain control and to attempt to make better use of resources. However, the command or planned economy has not been a highly feasible system to adopt in the current economic environment, resulting in countries, such as China and Russia, to have to evolve or change their economic systems (Hummel & Stringham, 2010). The advantages associated with a planned economy include a reduction in the wastage of resources and a more equal distribution of income between people of that country. Moreover, the population would be provided with services such as education, roads, water, medical care, and other facilities upon the government’s budget. Governments often wish to adopt this system in order to prevent riots or unrest in the country as most of the people in the country would be at the same social level and would not feel that the system is unjust. Therefore, it allows the government to have more control on the economy and control economic problems such as inflation, deflation, unemployment, poverty, and other similar issues (Calomoris, Fisman, & Wang, 2010). There are many disadvantages associated with a command economy which include the inefficient allocation of resources as resources are not allocated according to the price mechanism. Thus, resources may be wasted in producing things that consumers may not want. Likewise, producers and wor kers do not have any incentive to work hard as they are not allowed to own wealth and are simply working for the government which would stunt the prosperity and progress of that country. Consumers would also have little choice or variety and would also have lower standards of living as they would have a lack of products/services to choose from. Additionally, it is difficult for the government to provide all goods and services efficiently themselves and this may mean that the provision of some important goods/services may be prevented or may be provided inconveniently. Countries with planned economies may suffer in global trade and other such factors as they would not be able to motivate their citizens to exert their best efforts into production and trade without giving them personal incentives. Thus, this also causes a lack of foreign investment and a high tax rate for the provision of government-funded services. Also, it is difficult to determine how the government would decide wha t should be produced in the economy and how they can easily anticipate consumer demand (Warner, 2011). Accordingly, the planned economic system has become outdated as previous communist or planned economies such as China, Russia, and even Sweden are now in transition towards a more mixed economic system which will be explained in the next section of this paper. Mixed Economy: The mixed economic system is a combination of the free market economy and the planned economy as this system has both a public sector and a private sector. As mentioned before, most of the countries of the world are mixed economies as they have a public sector and a private sector. The mixed economy allows the government to intervene to provide essential goods and services such as police, medical care, education, welfare and pension schemes, and other similar services while the private sector is free to produce goods and services as well (Castells, 2011). However, the government will intervene where needed and prevent the production of de-merit goods and prevent producers from charging unfair prices amongst other things. Consumers receive the benefit of variety and choice in goods and services and are given an incentive to work hard while they are also facilitated by the government in the form of free goods (public goods) and services (Meyer, 2011). The mixed economy combines the adv antage of the free market economy and the planned economy and also shares some of the disadvantages of both respective economies. England is a mixed economy and thus benefits from the advantages associated with not being a complete free market economy or a pure command economy, but also suffers from a few of the disadvantages of not being either of these economies (Meyer, 2011). England’s Economic System: England, while previously being one of the strongest economies in the world, is currently plagued with several economic problems, which have slightly weakened its economic system. Being a mixed economy, England’s government spends about 40% of its GDP upon government spending while the remaining 60% belongs to the country’s private sector. The 40% of government spending is 10% more than what is spent in the USA as a percentage of GDP (Cleaver, 2013). This is because England’s government spends a larger proportion of its tax revenue upon the provision of more comprehensive health services, unemployment, and welfare schemes for the poor, and the transport system of the United Kingdom (Castells, 2011). The country is benefitting substantially by not being closer to a pure free market economy as the government of the country plays a vital role in stabilizing several economic aspects of the country. First of all, the unemployment rate of England is increasing rapidly, which means that it is essential for the government to provide support for the unemployed. If the government had little or no role to play in the economy, the unemployment rate may have even been higher and the number of people that were currently out of jobs may have been out on the roads without provision of basic facilities (Gillespie, 2011).Moreover, as the country is currently in a state of recession, without government intervention, the living standards of people would have decreased substantially, putting the economy in further turmoil and in a possibly irreversible situation (Gillespie, 2011). England is also home to a large number of immigrants and students who form a large part of the GDP in the country annually. If the country had been a complete free market economy, the country was likely to be in a state of chaos as there would be no control upon the immigrants entering the country and there would be no provision of facilities for these immigrants and students which wo uld further burden the country with increasing crime rates, further unemployment, and increasing numbers of homeless people filling the streets. Besides, with increasing numbers of immigrants and an increasing unemployment rate in the local population, the country is also benefitting from government spending upon free health services which keep the citizens and visitors of the country under high quality healthcare and helps prevent the spread of dangerous diseases from people who cannot afford expensive medical treatment. The implications of this control imposed by the government include a better and fairer distribution of income along with the provision of unemployment benefits, free education, pension and welfare schemes, and high quality healthcare for all people alike (Cleaver, 2013). Furthermore, another essential part of the government’s role in the economy includes the transport system which is subsidized for students, senior citizens, and people with lower incomes. Th us, the government is responsible for the provision of essential public goods and services which are needed to promote the welfare of the citizens of England and make them a prosperous economy (Bohstedht, 2010). Conversely, the disadvantages associated with England being a mixed economy rather than a free market economy include the fact that some services may be provided more efficiently by the private sector including healthcare, as the National Health Service is taking up a substantial part of taxpayer’s money and the standards of the service are also slightly deteriorating resulting in long waiting lists for patients who require treatment. Moreover, if the government privatized several more industries and promoted an environment of pure competition, it may result in the creation of additional jobs and help decrease the unemployment rate. Additionally, increased consumer spending and investment may also attract further foreign direct investment into the country and help bri ng the country out of its current recessionary state as England’s foreign direct investment rate has decreased over the years and UK’s own companies have increased their investment in other emerging markets. The public has also been highly verbal and rebellious regarding the increasing tax rate in the country which would have been non-existent had the country been a free market economy (Cleaver, 2013). On the other hand, while there are advantages and disadvantages associated with the country being a mixed economy rather than a free market economy, there are also advantages and disadvantages associated with the country not being a pure command economy. The advantage that England has of not being a pure command economy is that it has been able to motivate its population to work hard and become a progressive state as workers are allowed to accumulate wealth instead of limiting the growth of its citizens and nationalizing all its industries. While there is some inefficien cy in the allocation of resources, the country’s private sector does operate upon the price mechanism thus allowing the efficient allocation of resources according to the market forces of demand and supply (Boaden, 2010). England has also been able to encourage high amounts of foreign direct investment and the immigration of skilled labour which would not have been possible if the country had been a pure command economy. Consumers are also provided with a variety of high quality goods and services which has increased the country’s standard of living and has also enabled it to be an active participant in global trade (Boaden, 2010). Yet, there are certain disadvantages that the country has of not being a pure command economy and being a mixed economy which include the unequal distribution of wealth amongst its citizens which is causing increasing unrest. Moreover, there is ample wastage of resources in the economy because of increasing competition between firms and the country is suffering from several scandals in the realms of corporate social responsibility, quality, unfair pricing, and other problems in its private sector (Bohstedht, 2010).The country has also had to face immense problems because of the large number of immigrants entering the country each year and if the country had been a pure command economy, it would have not had so many potential immigrants to deal with (Boaden, 2010). Conclusion: England is best suited to be a mixed economy like most of the other economies of the world as this economic system enables the economy to combine the advantages of both the complete free market economy and the pure command economy. Additionally, while the country is progressing in the private sector, government intervention is essential for the provision of necessary public goods and services, without which the economy would substantially deteriorate the conditions of the poor. However, while the country has nationalized many of its essential services, the country should consider allowing privatization in the healthcare industry as the burden of taxes to pay for the NHS is increasing while the quality of the service provided by the NHS is deteriorating. Moreover, this is an essential industry which cannot be plagued with delays as is currently happening with the NHS. Thus, being a mixed economy, England should slightly further reduce its government spending to allow the private secto r to benefit further while the government can exert legal control over the activities of firms in the private sector. 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